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PORTATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA GROWTH UNDER DEMOCRATIC DISPENSATION (1999 -2018)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Nigeria became independent in 1960, with a population of more than 150 million people, diverse cultures and abundant resources. Nigeria has a very large workforce to support the labor market and the economy, which includes different sectors, such as the agriculture sector, the energy sector, the extractive industries sector, the manufacturing sector, the banking sector, the communication sector, the transport sector. etc. (Adegoke, O. S. 1991)
Many economists have been interested in the factors that can cause growth in their countries, an important factor being transportation. The study of transport in Nigeria has become important because of the opinion of researchers who are trying to formulate a better policy that will affect the transport sector in a positive way, which will then enable an efficient transport system to be put in place effectively and standard. As a result, the demand for transportation services in the country has increased rapidly during the year, while the supply of transportation services has decreased due to the lower infrastructure in place in the system, as a transportation system efficient and integrated, especially in the economy, stimulates national growth and development that improves the quality of life for all, facilitating the smooth movement of goods and services, and people, through the creation of vital links between separate installations in the space, which allows social contact and interaction as well as access to employment, health and education, and other services that bring civilization. For example, agricultural products generated in rural areas must be transported to urban centers for later distribution or can only be obtained by transporting these goods from one location to another. Here, transportation provides the means by which products are distributed across the country.
The evolution of the modern transport system in Nigeria can be seen from two phases, according to the Nigerian Federal Government's National Transport Policy Project of August 2010. The first phase is the colonial period that marked the origin of the modern transport system.
The networks of railways, inland waterways and roads established at that time were mainly aimed at exporting cash crops, such as groundnuts, cocoa, cotton and palm products, and importing cheap and mass produced consumer goods. These first transport systems were planned in the most economical way possible, as evidenced by substandard road and rail alignments and a sub-base, which subsequently proved inadequate for heavy vehicles. The second phase is the postcolonial period / accession to independence. With a reorientation of objectives, transport has become one of the instruments of unification of the country and an important tool for social and economic development. The development of petroleum resources from the 1950s has had a significant impact on the country's social and economic growth by imposing increasing demands on the transport system.
This study will examine the impact of transport infrastructure on economic growth in Nigeria by assessing the relationship between transport infrastructure and economic growth.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Transportation is becoming the backbone of any economy, particularly in countries like Nigeria, because such anatomy is linked to the corruption and inefficiency of Nigeria's transportation system, coupled with low economic growth (GDP), is crucial. transport policies (lack of regulation of private carrier charges, fuel shortage and especially the predominance of bad roads due to misappropriation of funds for transport infrastructure have been successful in reducing the transport system in Nigeria, which has had an impact negative on economic growth.
Given the fact that transport infrastructure is essential for economic growth, the situation of transport infrastructure in Nigeria is poor. Recent studies by Adeniji (2000) and Innocent C. Obi (2011) show that: less than 50% of the national road network is in good or bad condition, resulting in an average depth of 50 people per day; Less than 300 000 tonnes of freight and less than 2.3 million passengers are transported by rail; More aviation accidents in the aviation sector High congestion rate in the seaport; and more pipeline vandalism. When all these losses are added to the economic cost of the loss of productive hours of work, it becomes obvious that the situation requires urgent attention. It is in this context that this study seeks to study the impact of corruption on transport and economic growth in Nigeria. Growth as part of a democratic derogation (1999 -2018).
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY.
The broad objective of this study is to examine the Impact Of Corruption On Transportation And Economic Growth In Nigeria Growth Under Democratic Dispensation (1999 -2018)
The specific objectives of the study are as follows:
I. To examine whether corruption in transportation affects Nigeria GDP
II. To investigate the currenthe situation of transportation infrastructure in Nigeria.
III. To evaluate the empirical linkage between transportation and economic growth.
IV. To access the channel through which transportation affect economic growth.
v. To Evaluate the impact of inefficient transportation on life expetancy
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.
Based on the problems of the research topic, the research questions are as follow:
I. How does corruption in the transportation sector undermine Nigerian GDP?
II. How does corruption contribute to the current situation of transportation infrastructure in Nigeria?
III. what is the empirical linkage between transportation and economic growth?
IV. how does transportation channel deployed impact economic growth?
v. Does poor transportation system affect the life expectancy?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
I. Corruption in the transportation sector does not undermine Nigerian GDP?
II. Corruption does not contribute to the current situation of transportation infrastructure in Nigeria?
III. There is no empirical linkage between transportation and economic growth?
IV. Transportation channel deployed does not impact economic growth?
v. Poor transportation system does not affect the life expectancy?
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This work will examine the Impact of Corruption on Transportation and Economic Growth in Nigeria under democratic dispensation Growth. The research time frame work will be on the Democratic Dispensation. That is between the periods of 1999 -2018.
The research will focus more on corruption imact on Nigeria economy, even though corruption is a global occurrence. Transportation systeme cut across several channels like air, road, water and rail. But, the this study will focus majorly on air, road and rail.