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TAX AS A STIMULUS FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Taxation and its product, Tax have been very important vehicles for economic policies of many countries of the world. For a very long time, tax has been a major source of revenue for various levels of governments. For instance, inNigeria, the laws of the land stipulate the categories of taxes that are collectable by each of the three tiers of government. This is with a view to enhancing basic economic growth and development at all levels of government. However, the use to which taxes are put is a major concern to the majority of Nigerians.
This paper examines the major taxes accruing to various governments inNigeriaas reported by the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS). The study adopted the use of secondary data as the major data collection method. Thus, the author relies on data obtained from the Federal Inland Revenue Service report for the analysis of the various revenues accruing toNigeria. Also, various books, journals and government publications were used extensively for the analysis. Reported opinions of Nigerians on the application of these revenues for developmental activities were also reviewed. The analysis of the taxes collected from 1995 to 2004 suggests that government has not really lived up to its responsibilities in terms of the provision of basic social amenities and other infrastructures necessary for the growth and development of a nation. The study therefore, suggests some recommendations, which if accepted and embraced could enhance a better economic growth and development inNigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 TAX AND TAXATION DEFINED
2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF TAXES
2.3 COLLECTIBLE TAXES AN LEVIES BY EACH TIER OF GOVERNMENT INNIGERIA
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 TAX AS A STIMULI FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT INNIGERIA
3.2 WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
3.3 BASIC CONDITIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS OF DATA OBTAINED FROM THE FEDERAL INLAND REVENUE SERVICE
4.1 TABLE ANALYSIS
TABLE1: TAX COLLECTION FROM 1995 – 2004 (AS PER CBN TRANSFERS)
TABLE 2: PERCENTAGE TAX INCREASE FROM 1996-2004
TABLE 3: FUNDS RECEIVED BY FIRS FROM 1999 – 2004
4.2 CRITICISMS OF GOVERNMENT’S HANDLING OF TAX REVENUE
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 SUMMARY
5.2 CONCLUSION
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Responsible governments all over the world, be it at the Federal, State or Local government level, are concerned with the provision of social goods and services for their citizens.
They are responsible for the maintenance of laws and orders within their nations and also for the protection of their territorial integrity against any external aggression.
In carrying out these social responsibilities, a huge amount of money is needed. One of the major sources of fund available to government to execute its numerous programs is imposition of taxes.
Governments at various levels enact laws to impose taxes and to enforce their payment so that enough revenue can be generated to defray their expenditure.
However, despite many stringent penalties and fines in the tax laws, it appears that a lot of individuals and corporate entities still do not see the reason why they should pay correct taxes or pay taxes at all. Hence, they try in some cases to avoid payment of taxes and in
other extreme cases, evade taxes (Bukar, 2004; Omoigui, 2004).
In the light of the above, it is necessary to examine the Nigerian Tax System vis-à-vis the use that the revenues generated from taxes inNigeriaare being put.
The paper is divided into six major parts, namely: the introduction (as given above); conceptual framework; specific uses of tax as a stimulus for growth and development; analysis of data; criticisms of government’s handling of tax revenue; summary, conclusions and recommendations.